Abstract

Background: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a common gynecological condition among women of reproductive age. Early diagnosis and proper management are essential to prevent complications. Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of patients with PID treated at Thai Nguyen National Hospital from January 1, 2022, to April 30, 2025. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 113 medical records of diagnosed with PID from January 2022 to April 2025. Clinical features, laboratory inflammatory markers, and transvaginal ultrasonography findings were collected and analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Results: The majority of patients were aged 21 - 40 years (58.4%), with a mean age of 35.3 ± 11 years. Most patients had a history of genital infections (95.6%) or gynecological interventions such as intrauterine device insertion (38.1%) or cesarean section (30.1%). Common clinical features included bilateral pelvic pain (54.9%), vaginal discharge (83.2%), cervical inflammation (70.8%), and abdominal tenderness (100%). Fever was observed in 23% of cases. Laboratory results showed leukocytosis (> 10 × 109/L) in 60.2%, and elevated CRP in 33.5% of patients. Transvaginal ultrasonography revealed adnexal masses in 95.6% of patients, most smaller than 5 cm (75.2%), with heterogeneous echogenicity being the most common feature (38%). Conclusion: PID predominantly affects women of reproductive age, often presenting with nonspecific symptoms. Most patients have a history of genital infections or gynecological interventions. Elevated inflammatory markers and transvaginal ultrasonography are valuable for diagnosis. Combining clinical assessment, laboratory evaluation, and imaging enables accurate diagnosis, early detection, and effective management.