Abstract

Background: Ventriculoperitoneal shunting is a common neurosurgical procedure for the treatment of hydrocephalus in both children and adults, and shunt obstruction remains one of the frequent complications of this surgery. Objective: Evaluate the clinical characteristics and treatment results of hydrocephalus due to ventriculoperitoneal shunt obstruction. Methods: retrospective descriptive study on 27 patients diagnosed with hydrocephalus due to ventriculoperitoneal drainage obstruction in 2023 at National Hospital for Peadiatrics. Results: 62.9% of patients had drainage placed for the first time under first year of life, with 55.6% of the causes being congenital hydrocephalus, the type of valve placed for the first time was a low-pressure valve, accounting for 70.4%. The average age at the time of diagnosis of drainage obstruction was 8.1 ± 3.7 years old, the lowest age was 1 yearand the highest age was 18 years old. Most patients have symptoms of increased intracranial pressure: headache (100%), vomiting (88.9%), disorders of consciousness with Glasgow score 9 - 12 points 33.3%. The location of drainage obstruction was determined with 70.4% being proximal intracranial obstruction. In most cases, intracranial pressure increases during surgery. In 100% of cases, we replace the old valve with a medium pressure valve with antisiphon. There was 01 case of having to change the medium pressure valve to low pressure, 01 case of drainage blockage immediately after surgery due to bleeding. Hospital discharge results: 100% of patients were conscious and had improved symptoms after drainage repair surgery. Conclusion: Ventriculoperitoneal shunt obstruction is still a common complication in the treatment of hydrocephalus presented by increased intracranial pressure include headache, vomiting, and disorders of consciousness. The location of drainage obstruction was determined with 70.4% being proximal intracranial obstruction. We replace the old valve with a medium pressure valve with antisiphon. There are many options for shunt repair surgery that are highly effective, have good hospital discharge outcomes, and have few complications for the patient.